Tabletop photography is a sub-set of commercial product photography. In Tabletop photography items are placed onto a photographic shooting table with custom designed professional lighting and photographed with digital or film cameras.
Tabletop photos tend to use gradated backgrounds wherein the top of the photo is dark and slopes down to a lighter color and the product is isolated rather than being set up in a way where it looks like it's being used, or could be in use.